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As data becomes more and more important, transferring huge amounts of it in less time has become the new muse of researchers around the world. Researchers at the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology in Tokyo, Japan, have broken a world record for fiber optics and internet speed. They managed to transfer data at 391 terabits per second, which equates to 48,875 gigabytes per second. To put it in perspective, the average internet speed in India is 0.012 gigabytes per second. The record set is almost double the previous record, which was 178 terabits per second set by researchers at University College London in 2020
Generally, optical fibers are single-conductor due to their compatibility with the cabling infrastructure and their mechanical reliability. According to the institute’s report, in the first, Japanese researchers used a four-core optical fiber; however, the diameter of the optical fiber is almost the same. The researchers coiled the fibers to simulate a distance of 3,001 kilometers.
Optical fibers, over long distances, have much less transmission loss than other coaxial or electrical cables. However, data transmitted over long distances must be transferred without any loss, the attenuation of which must be compensated for throughout. The researchers used a meticulous concoction of fibers doped with rare earths (erbium and thulium), Raman amplification (Stimulated Raman Scattering) and optical semiconductor amplifiers. The fibers operate in the range of the S, C and L bands, which vary in wavelength from 1460 to 1625 nanometers.
The current technology used is not cheap and, for now, will be used to transmit data over vast distances, rather than, for example, allowing you to download your favorite show. However, researchers believe that enabling such a high data transmission rate can become the backbone of future communication systems.
5G has been introduced to the world and is a new experience of fast speed. But technology is a weak area. It won’t be long when 5G is incompatible with meeting people’s data needs. Such research will be vital for the world beyond 5G.
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